Written by Yuning Wang, PhD June 3, 2022 Contents Background Four levels of protein structure How are protein structures studied? Background Structural information provides a great deal of understanding of how a protein works, which can allow us to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying human diseases. Rapidly developing [...]
Written by Yuning Wang, PhD May 31, 2022 Contents Background What is Polyclonal Antibody Sequencing? Applications of Polyclonal Antibody Sequencing Advantages of Polyclonal Antibody Sequencing World’s First: De Novo Polyclonal Antibody Sequencing at Rapid Novor Background The native immune system produces polyclonal antibodies (pAb) by different B-cell [...]
Written by Yuning Wang, PhD May 13, 2022 Contents What is HDX-MS? HDX-MS Workflow Applications of HDX-MS HDX-MS Advantages HDX-MS Epitope Mapping of Antibodies HDX-MS Epitope Mapping at Rapid Novor What is HDX-MS? The origin of hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) dates back to the 1950s, when protein scientist [...]
To develop robust mAb biologics, it is vital to fully characterize the protein, including its primary sequence, mutations, and important post-translational modifications
To develop robust mAb biologics, it is vital to fully characterize the protein, including its primary sequence, mutations, and important post-translational modifications
Contents What are CDRs? Antibody CDRs De Novo Protein Sequencing as a Tool for Identifying CDRs sequences Applying De Novo Protein Sequencing to Identify CDRs Sequences Annotation schemes for identifying CDRs by Sequence Rapid Novor can Help with Identifying CDRs by Sequence What are CDRs? The acronym “CDR” stands [...]
To develop robust mAb biologics, it is vital to fully characterize the protein, including its primary sequence, mutations, and important post-translational modifications
Written by Yuning Wang, PhD Contents Discovery of camelid antibodies What are camelid antibodies? Structure of camelid antibodies and nanobodies Applications of nanobodies How are nanobodies developed? References Discovery of camelid antibodies Three decades ago, the discovery1 of a peculiar type of antibody [...]
To develop robust mAb biologics, it is vital to fully characterize the protein, including its primary sequence, mutations, and important post-translational modifications
In this study, we conducted a large-scale statistical analysis of protein sequencing data from samples digested with multiple proteases to understand the impact of using different combinations of proteases to improve the depth of sequence coverage in the application of de novo protein sequencing.
Peptide mapping is a widely used analytical technique to verify the primary structure (amino acid sequence) and characterize the chemical modifications of a protein. It analyzes peptides generated from the digestion of an isolated protein, or a protein mixture
Anti-drug antibody (ADA) assays are critical to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of a biological drug and rely on control reagents that mimic the ADA response to the biological drug being tested. These positive controls typically consist of animal-derived pooled polyclonal antibodies or human monoclonal antibody reference panels against the target protein drug.
The protein sequence is key to understanding the function of a protein target and is critical to therapeutic and diagnostic development. This is particularly important for antibodies whose code diversity and glycosylation impact both function, and stability.
Because they share the same mass, isoleucine and leucine are known as isobaric amino acids. Conventional mass spectrometry-based proteomics cannot be easily used to distinguish between isoleucine and leucine.
Bispecific therapeutics are monoclonal antibodies that carry a specific antigen-binding capability on each arm. Bispecifics are thus capable of having two specificities that can either double the binding affinity of the antibody toward the same antigen (increased avidity), or can now bind to two targets. Bispecifics are most often described as two types: trispecifics and bispecific T-cell engaged antibodies (BiTE).
Written by María Gerpe, PhD June 25, 2021 Introduction Antibodies or immunoglobulins (Ig) are Y-shaped glycoproteins produced by the adaptive immune system in response to antigens - substances or molecules the immune system deems as foreign. Antibodies bind to an antigen and either directly neutralize it, or activate other parts of [...]
Antibodies are integral to life sciences research and therapeutic and diagnostics discovery and development. However, they are inherently prone to variability.
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are widely used in research, diagnosis, and pharmaceutical purposes. Lately, the relatively lower quality of research-purpose mAbs is a point of concern within the research community.
The DNA sequences of antibodies are highly diverse due to the V-(D)-J recombination and hypersomatic mutations. As such, relying on homology-based searches to sequence novel antibodies can introduce bias to sequences obtained from proteomics approaches.
Mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are highly attractive for manipulation for therapeutic applications as their manufacturing is relatively easy and well-established compared to mAbs derived from larger animal models. However, they also pose several challenges which limit their use as therapeutic agents.
In-vitro diagnostics (IVDs) are one of the most commonly used tools to diagnose conditions and guide treatment decisions and are often considered the “silent champion” of healthcare. They work by detecting the absence or presence of particular markers or by measuring the concentration of analytes or specific substances.
One of the most important pieces of information researchers need to know during early stage antibody drug research and development is the sequence information of the antibody protein. With the advancement of mass spectrometry instrumentation and technologies, it is helpful, and sometimes critical, to conduct sequence analysis using mass spectrometry experiments.